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Research Article · Open access · Published 2 July 2026

Wastewater Treatment Using Organic By-Products from Agroindustry: A Case Study in the District of Valera, Amazonas Region, Northern Peru

Eli Morales-Rojas1,2, Sayda Karina García Caro3, Jesús Rascón4, Edwin Adolfo Diaz3, José Marchena5, Ítalo Maldonado Ramírez1, Roberto Santa Cruz Acosta1, Pompeyo Ferro6, Euclides Ticona6, Editha Fernández6, Lily Juarez-Contreras4, Cesar Balcazar-Zumaeta7, Carlos Máximo Gonzales Añorga8 & Fredy Velayarce Vallejos1

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Volume 26, Issue 2, pp. 040 · doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.02.040

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Abstract

This research evaluates the use of two types of coagulants based on organic by-products (orange and passion fruit) in wastewater (RA) treatment. The system was composed of glass tanks installed in parallel. The coagulants were elaborated and applied in aqueous solution and in powder form, and 7 physicochemical and microbiological parameters were also analyzed. Data analysis was performed using a Student's t-test to compare significant differences. The results indicate significant differences for Total Solids (TS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Coliforms (TC). The highest efficiency was for pH 13.884 % with the application of orange powder coagulant. As well as for oils and fats 81.102 and 65.354 % for orange and passion fruit powder coagulants. Finally, it was concluded that the coagulants were efficient for some parameters and that these depend on the type of application; therefore, future projects should be promoted to evaluate the viability of using by-products from agroindustry for water treatment and to avoid environmental contamination by these wastes.

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Morales-Rojas, E., Caro, S. K. G., Rascón, J., Diaz, E. A., Marchena, J., Ramírez, Í. M., Acosta, R. S. C., Ferro, P., Ticona, E., Fernández, E., Juarez-Contreras, L., Balcazar-Zumaeta, C., Añorga, C. M. G. & Vallejos, F. V. (2026). Wastewater Treatment Using Organic By-Products from Agroindustry: A Case Study in the District of Valera, Amazonas Region, Northern Peru. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, 26(2), 040. https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.02.040

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Wastewater Treatment Using Organic By-Products from Agroindustry: A Case Study in the District of Valera, Amazonas Region, Northern PeruOnLine Journal of Biological Sciences · Volume 26, Issue 2 · pp. 040 · CC BY 4.0Download