Preparation, Identification and Antioxidant Evaluation of Citrullus Colocynthis Root and Fruit Extracts Against Doxorubicin in Male Rats

Millions of people are affected by diseases in developing or developed countries. Citrullus colocynthis is a high-antioxidant wildflower, it is healthy to eat and may be used as a source of energy or medication. The goal of this research was to conduct a phytochemical analysis of Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract, which is abundant in Egypt. Different extracts from that plant were used, including root and fruit extracts. Biochemical analysis and various hematological parameters were among the parameters estimated. These aqueous extracts were also evaluated for their protective action on various antioxidants, renal and histological parameters and molecular changes of both extracts. According to the present findings, this plant can be used as an effective natural source of antioxidants and it was used to lessen oxidative stress's consequences in male rats produced by doxorubicin, a powerful chemotherapeutic drug used to treat a variety of cancers and known to generate oxidative stress. The results reveal that by increasing total antioxidant capacity, decreasing TBARS, increasing catalase, GPx, GST and improving molecular and histopathological changes, these extracts were able to lower the oxidative damage caused by this chemotherapeutic agent on the majority of measured parameters. Fruit extract was more efficient than root extract, highlighting the benefits of using such a powerful antioxidants, source as a nutritional supplement in patients suffering from a variety of diseases caused by various sources of oxidative stress, including chemotherapeutic agents, to help them to overcome their complications.