Creation of a New Highly Productive Parent Material of Sweet Clover (Melilotus Adans.) based on Varietal and Microbial Systems

The paper presents the results of studies carried out on the experimental field of Research and Production Center of Grain Farming named after A.I. Barayev Limited Liability Partnership for the creation of new parent material for yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall.) and Volga sweet clover (Melilotus wolgicus Poir.) based on varietal and microbial systems. The studies were carried out on southern carbonate chernozem typical for the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan according to generally accepted methods. Studies have been conducted to study the nitrogen-fixing activity and productivity of 20 varieties and selection numbers of yellow sweet clover and Volga sweet clover after inoculating the seeds with nodule bacteria Rhisobium meliloti strain B1-2013. The authors have identified selection numbers KD-1823, KD-1687, KD-1828 of Volga sweet clover and the KD-1825, KD-1683, KD-1728 of yellow sweet clover, characterized by increased nitrogen fixation of atmospheric nitrogen amounting to 87.9-91.3% (of the total) on inoculated variants and 70.80-88.7% on control variants. These numbers were distinguished by the high productivity of fodder mass and seeds. After a comprehensive assessment of nitrogen fixation, fodder mass productivity and seeds, the best results were observed on two promising selection numbers KD-1687 of the Volga sweet clover and KD-1728 of the yellow sweet clover, which will be used in selection programs in the future when creating varieties of a new generation of sweet clover. According to the results of genetic identification, the following endophytic bacteria were isolated: Paenibacillus peoriae, Pseudomonas moraviensis, Pseudomonas spp, Pantoea spp, Rahnella aquatica, Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus pumilis.