Are Improvements in Physical Fitness after an Exercise Program Related to the Symptomatology in Patients with Fibromyalgia

Problem statement: Physical exercise is considered one of the main strategies in management of Fibromyalgia (FM); While many studies have shown relevant improvements in the patients’ physical condition and psychological status, the efficacy of these treatments have not yet been completely determined and whether or not these improvements are related with symptom severity is still debated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the positive effect of exercise training on physical fitness and second to determine whether any change in aerobic capacity, strengthening or flexibility after exercise training is associated with improvements in symptoms severity of patients with FM. Approach: Thirty women with FM were randomized to either combined exercise group (CE, n = 15) which performed twice-weekly sessions of combined aerobic and resistance exercises, or usual care control group (CG, n = 15). Participants had to complete a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for stiffness, sleep disturbances, pain, anxiety and depression. Physical fitness (aerobic capacity, handgrip strength and flexibility) was also assessed at baseline and immediately after 12-week intervention. Results: Aerobic capacity and Range Of Motion (ROM) in both shoulders and in the right hip were significantly greater than controls. Inter-group differences were significant in anxiety and depression. Linear regressions of physical fitness variables and symptomatology showed positive correlations. Conclusions: Physical fitness seems to be related with the improvements in symptom´ severity and due to regular physical activity has demonstrated to be beneficial for individuals with FM it should be included in treatment plans for this patients group.