Study on the Polyploidy Induction of Herbicides on Hengshan Astragalus Membranaceus

Studying medicinal polyploid plants is of great significance for the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine varieties and the extraction of active ingredients. The polyploidization of A. membranaceus (Astragalus membranaceus) was induced using two treatment methods: oryzalin and pendimethalin as mutagens. The results showed that in the same method, the induction effect of polyploidy was affected by the concentration of reagents and treatment time; different concentrations and treatment time combinations resulted in mutant plants. The soaking method with an oryzalin concentration of 90μmol/L and a treatment time of 36h resulted in the best induction effect, with a morphological variation rate of 36.96%; that with a pendimethalin concentration of 2000μmol/L and a treatment time of 36h resulted in the best induction effect, with a morphological variation rate of 35.85%. The tissue culture method with an oryzalin concentration of 90μmol/L and a treatment time of 14d resulted in the best induction effect, with a mutation rate of 39.13%; that with a pendimethalin concentration of 1500μmol/L and a treatment time of 7d resulted in the best induction effect, with a mutation rate of 42.31%. Through ploidy identification, the mutant plants conform to the characteristics of polyploid plants.