Detection of Polymorphism at the Insulin Like Growth Factor-I Gene in Mazandaran Native Chicken using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Method

Problem statement: Molecular genetics selection on individual genes is a promising method to genetically improve economically important traits in chickens. The Insulin like Growth Factor-I (IGF1) gene may play important roles in growth of multiple tissues, including muscle cells, cartilage and bone. Approach: In the present study polymorphism of the promoter and 5' untranslated region of IGF-1 gene of Mazandaran native fowls was investigated. In order to evaluate the IGF-1 gene polymorphism we have used a Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) method. Blood samples were collected from randomly chosen 100 Mazandaran native fowls. Genomic DNA was extracted using modified salting-out method and used amplified polymerase chain reaction technique. The promoter and 5' untranslated region of the fowl IGF-1 gene was amplified to produce a 621 bp fragment. The PCR products were electrophoresed on 2.5% agarose gel and stained by etidium bromide. Results: Then, they were digested of amplicon with PstI and revealed two alleles A and B. Data were analyzed using Pop Gene 32 package. In this population, AA, AB, BB genotype have been identified with the 25.88, 50.23, 23.89% frequencies. A and B alleles frequencies were 0.51, 0.49, respectively. The Chi-square (χ²) test was significant and the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.05). Conclusion: The PCR technique amplified a DNA fragment of IGF-1 with 621 bp. The results of the RFLP analysis showed two fragment 257 and 354bp after restriction with enzyme with PstI that identify changes in 5' untranslated region. In according to action modes and importance of IGF-1, its polymorphisms can be related to economical traits such as body weight, muscle cells and bone.