Diagnostic Features and Therapeutic Consequences of Hysteroscopy in Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Abortion

Problem statement: Hysteroscopy is a procedure in which the endometrial cavity is observable and subject of manipulation via transcervical route. Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive process in diagnosis and treatment of many intrauterine and endocervical conditions. Polypectomy, myomectomy and endometrial ablation could be easily manageable by this procedure. According to safety and high efficiency of hysteroscopy, this method is changing to a widespread procedure in dealing with many gynecologic and obstetrical conditions. This study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic and therapeutical efficiency of hysteroscopy in managing of common conditions including abnormal uterine bleeding and abortion. Approach: In a descriptive cross-sectional setting, 243 women underwent hysteroscopy were evaluated in two groups: with uterine bleeding 236 cases and with recurrent abortions 7 cases. This study was conducted in Tabriz Alzahra Educational Center during a 15-month period. The main causes of the complaints were determined in each group. Six months after treatment, the overall success rate was recorded. Results: Hysteroscopy was the sole diagnostic procedure in 16.5 and 14.3% of the patients in groups with abnormal uterine bleeding and abortion, respectively. In the group with abnormal uterine bleeding, curettage, myomectomy, polypectomy, hysterectomy, laparoscopy and laparotomy were the main diagnostic-therapeutical approaches along with the hysteroscopy in descending order. In the group with recurrent abortion, laparoscopy, curettage and myomectomy were the main diagnostic-therapeutical approaches along with the hysteroscopy in descending. There was not any major complication. The diagnostic-therapeutical measures accompanying with the laparoscopy were successful in 73.5% of the bleeding group in follow-up period. Conclusion: Based on our results, hysteroscopy is a safe, accurate and highly-efficient procedure in managing women with abnormal uterine bleeding and recurrent abortion.