Volume 3, Issue 4 (2007) | American Journal of Infectious Diseases

Sexual Risk Intervention In Multiethnic Drug And Alcohol Users

Deborah L. Jones — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.169.176

An estimated 38.6 million persons globally are living with HIV, of whom over 1.1 million reside in Zambia. Of the 2 million cases in the US, 64% of new cases among women are among African Americans. A...

HIV-1 Infection and Central Monoamine Neurotransmitters

Adarsh M. Kumar — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.177.183

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enters the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after infection and gets localized in different brain regions, leading to various types of neuropathological...

Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse and Co-occurring Infections: A Brief Review

Jag H. Khalsa — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.184.190

Today substance abuse remains one of the major problems in the world with millions of people abusing legal and illegal drugs. In addition, almost one-third of the world population of 6.7 billion peopl...

HIV-1 Infection and Drug-Abuse in India-An Emerging Challenge

Mahendra Kumar — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.191.194

India has a population of over 1 billion and the first cases of HIV-1 infection were reported from there in 1987. Since then HIV-infection has spread there very aggressively and at present it is repor...

Nutritional control of HIV-AIDS-A case for Selenium

Parisa Kalantari — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.195.201

Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient that is incorporated into proteins. Some of the selenoenzymes such as GPXs and thioredoxin reductases exhibit glutathione peroxidase-dependent activities towards organ...

Immunodeficient Parameters in the HIV-1 Transgenic Rat Model

Sulie L. Chang — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.202.207

Recently an HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1Tg) rat model was created that carries a gag-pol-deleted HIV-1 genome under the control of the HIV-1 viral promoter. However, other viral proteins are expressed in m...

Co-expression of Apoptosis-Related Molecules on Activated CD8⁺ CD38⁺ T-cells is Associated with HIV-1 Disease Progression

José W. Rodríguez — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.208.216

CD8+ T cells play a major role in controlling HIV-1 infection through the release of soluble lytic and non-lytic antiviral factors. Their decrease or defective function contributes to the HIV-1 diseas...

Methamphetamine Inhibits β-Chemokines and Co-Stimulatory Molecule Expression by Dendritic Cells

Madhavan P.N. Nair — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.217.224

The US is currently experiencing a serious epidemic of methamphetamine (Meth) use entangled with HIV-1 infection. Blood monocyte derived dendritic cells (DC ) are the first line of defense against HIV...

Extraction of Genomic DNA Using Magnetic Nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) as a Solid-Phase Support

Z. M. Saiyed — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.225.229

Magnetic separation technology, using magnetic particles, is quick and easy method for sensitive and reliable captures of specific proteins, genetic material and other biomolecules. The current paper ...

Antisocial Psychopathy and HIV Risk among Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) Abusing Adolescent Offenders

Robert M. Malow — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.230.239

While the consensus is that HIV prevalence has remained low among adolescent offenders, the prevalence of STDs and HIV transmission risk behaviors is alarming, particularly for those abusing alcohol a...

HIV Medication Adherence and Substance Use: The Smartest Women’s Project

Eliot Lopez — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.240.247

Antiretroviral (ARV) medication for substance users has been a controversial issue with respect to whether current substance users can successfully maintain their medication regimens. This study compa...

HIV Prevention Intervention Outcome among Minority Adolescents in Court Mandated Drug Treatment

Jessy Devieux — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.248.254

Problem statement: Delinquent adolescents with substance abuse disorders frequently engage in behaviors that elevate their risk of contracting HIV. Although effective risk reduction interventions ...

Effects of Bacillus subtilis 'PB6' (ATCC - PTA 6737) on Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea (CDAD) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Animal Models

Eric Peys — 2007-12-31

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 31 December 2007; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2007.255.266

The administration of probiotic bacteria is emerging as a potential means of preventing the onset or recurrence of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) and of attenuating inflammatory acti...

Induction of a Soluble Anti-HIV-1 factor (s) with IFN-γ, IL-10, and β-Chemokine Modulating Activity by an Influenza-Bacterial Polyantigenic Mixture