Volume 2, Issue 2 (2006) | American Journal of Infectious Diseases

The Changing Pathology of NeuroAIDS Associated with Drug Abuse in the Era of HAART

E Bell Jeanne — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.39.48

Compliance with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) arrests HIV induced immune collapse and reduces the prevalence of severe central nervous system (CNS) complications, including HIV associat...

Heroin-Induces Differential Protein Expression by Normal Human Astrocytes (NHA)

Jessica L. Reynolds — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.49.57

Heroin use is postulated to act as a cofactor in the neuropathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Astrocytes, integral components of the CNS, are reported to be susceptible to ...

Opiates Upregulate Adhesion Molecule Expression in Brain MicroVascular Endothelial Cells (BMVEC): Implications for Altered Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Permeability

Madhavan P.N. Nair — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.58.66

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an intricate cellular system composed of vascular endothelial cells and perivascular astrocytes that restrict the passage of immunocompetent cells into the central ner...

Neuropsychological Dysfunction among HIV Infected Drug Abusers

Ramani S. Durvasula — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.67.73

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been documented to cause direct and indirect central nervous system dysfunction that can be observed as a progressive decline in neuropsychological functioning i...

Cortisol Response Mediates HIV-1-Related Cognitive Deficits Among Injecting Drug Abusers

Raymond L. Ownby — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.74.79

The cortisol response is an important measure of the endocrine activity to environmental challenges and has been related to cognitive function and mood. Previous studies have shown that the cortisol r...

Interventions and Patterns of Risk in Adolescent HIV/AIDS Prevention

Robert M. Malow — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.80.89

Mid-way through the third decade of experience in preventing HIV/AIDS among adolescents, behavioral interventions and outcomes for high risk subgroups have generated evidence extremely instructive for...

Neuropsychological Consequences of HIV and Drug Ause

Arun Venkatesan — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.90.97

Accurate assessment of the functional consequences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and drugs of abuse are critical as large populations are afflicted with both. Both are interdependent...

Role of HIV-1 Infection in Addictive Behavior: A Study of a HIV-1 Transgenic Rat Model

Sulie L. Chang — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.98.106

Epidemiological research indicates that drug abuse is prevalent among individuals infected with HIV-1. Evidence from preclinical research also suggests that drugs of abuse exacerbate the progression o...

Recreational Viagra Use and Sexual Risk among Drug Abusing Men

Dennis G. Fisher — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.107.114

Until recently, the Viagra connection to HIV was anchored in older adults. However, CDC investigation showed stability in 50+ HIV diagnoses on the heels of upward trends in risk indicators among men w...

Neuropsychological Complications of HIV Disease and Substances of Abuse

Lisa R. Norman — 2006-06-30

American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Published online: 30 June 2006; doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.115.124

In the last decade, it has become increasingly apparent that neuropsychological deficits and impairments are associated with HIV infection. Given that antiretroviral therapies have extended the life e...