Volume 5, Issue 3 (2009) | American Journal of Environmental Sciences

Toxicity Testing and the Effect of Landfill Leachate in Malaysia on Behavior of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758; Pisces, Cyprinidae)

Jaffar Y.M. Alkassasbeh — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.209.217

Problem Statement: Landfill leachate had been implicated in environmental pollution, developmental anomalies, birth defect and surface and groundwater pollution worldwide. This study has been conducte...

Potential Contribution of Traffic to Air Pollution in the State of Kuwait

N. Al-Mutairi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.218.222

Problem statement: The reduction in ambient air pollution is a universal goal-particularly in urban areas, the lack of resources often necessitates identification and prioritization of sources of air ...

Phenanthrene Contaminated Soil Biotreatment Using Slurry Phase Bioreactor

M. Arbabi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.223.229

Problem Statement: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are suspected toxins that accumulate in soils and sediments due to their insolubility in water and lack of volatility. Slurry-phase biologica...

The Effect of Air Pollution on Ozone Layer Thickness in Troposphere over the State of Kuwait

H. O. Al Jeran — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.230.237

Troposphere ozone layer acts as a shield against all ultraviolet radiation approaching the planet Earth through absorption. It was noticed in mid 80s that ozone layer has thinned on the poles of the p...

Long-term Effect of Conventional and No-Tillage Production Systems on Nitrous Oxide Fluxes from Corn (Zea mays L.) Field in Southwestern Quebec

Abdirashid Elmi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.238.246

Problem statement: There is a growing trend in the adoption of conservation tillage as an alternative to conventional tillage farming system. Implications of this agricultural management shift with re...

Effect of the 2004 'Boxing Day' Tsunami on Water Properties and Currents in the Bay of Bengal

Naveendra Reddy — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.247.255

Problem statement: Variation of temperature, salinity and geostrophic current in the Bay of Bengal due to the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami was investigated in this project using ARGO float and absolute dyn...

The Characteristics of Leachate and Groundwater Pollution at Municipal Solid Waste Landfill of Ibb City, Yemen

Esmail Al Sabahi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.256.266

Problem statement: Yemen one of the developing country suffering from water pollution. Landfill is one of the source of water pollution. There are several boreholes located close to Ibb landfill used ...

A Gate to Gate Assessment of Environmental Performance for Production of Crude Palm Kernel Oil Using Life Cycle Assessment Approach

S. Vijaya — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.267.272

Problem statement: The oil palm industry is an export orientated industry which heavily relies on the world market. In 2007 alone the total export earnings reached RM 45.1 billion. It is essential tha...

The Development of Ni/Dolomite Catalyst in Simultaneous Biomass Gasification and Reforming in Fluidized Bed

Anawat Ketcong — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.273.277

Simultaneous gasification and steam reforming of the biomass on Ni/dolomite catalyst in fluidized bed reactor were studied in the gaseous production in the one stage reactor. Problem statement: The pa...

Seasonal Variations of n-6: n-3 Ratios and Fatty Acid Compositions in Foot and Tissue of Chiton lamyi in a High Primary Productivity Area

Nooshin Sajjadi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.278.284

Problem statement: Fatty acid content and composition in mollusks is a function of their feeding diversity. Chabahar bay located in the northern part of Oman sea in Indian ocean provides high rates of...

Adjustment of Peak Streamflows of a Tropical River for Urbanization

Ata Amini — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.285.294

Peak runoff from a catchment is influenced by many factors such as intensity and duration of rainfall, catchment topography, catchment shape, land use and other variables. For a particular catchment, ...

Mountain Sheep: An Environmental Epidemiological Survey of Variation in Metal Exposure and Physiological Biomarkers Following Mine Development

Lawrence K. Duffy — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.295.302

Problem Statement: Anthropogenic activities, such as mining and industrial operations, are a major environmental source of metal exposure for wildlife. Quantitative data regarding biochemical effects...

Aerobic Biodegradation of Per-Treated Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether By Ozonation in an Up-Flow-Fixed-Bed Reactor

M. Sadeghi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.303.309

Problem Statement: MTBE is a common pollution of environmental and has become an issue of considerable concern in recent years. It is not readily amenable to remove MTBE by conventional techniques in ...

Electroosmotic Phenomena in Organic Soils

Afshin Asadi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.310.314

Organic soils or peat represent an accumulation of disintegrated plant remains which have been preserved under condition of incomplete aeration and high water content. In order to develop a fundamenta...

Effect of Environmental Comfort Factors in Enclosed Transitional Space toward Work Productivity

Qi Jie Kwong — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.315.324

Problem statement: The investigated area in this study was the enclosed lift lobby, which distinguishes itself as a unique form of region categorized under building transitional spaces. Such region ma...

Analysis of Some Pesticide Residues in Cauliflower by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Sheheli Islam — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.325.329

Problem statement: Increased use of chemicals on vegetables started gaining momentum and continued its up-trend in Bangladesh. Wide spread use of pesticides in agriculture concern of residue accumulat...

Computable General Equilibrium Techniques for Carbon Tax Modeling

Al-Amin — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.330.340

Problem statement: Lacking of proper environmental models environmental pollution is now a solemn problem in many developing countries particularly in Malaysia. Some empirical studies of worldwide rev...

The Effect of Air Entry Values on Hysteresis of Water Retention Curve in Saline Soil

S. Konyai — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.341.345

Problem statement: The saline soil in Northeast Thailand is caused by saline groundwater rise in unsaturated zone to accumulate as salt at soil surface. Approach: This problem had been exacerbated in ...

A Study on Potentiality of Carbon Storage and CO₂ Uptake in the Biomass and Soil of Coppice Stand

A. Khademi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.346.351

Problem statement: Enhancing carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in the forests, is a key factor in maintaining the atmosphere's carbon balance. With regard to the importance of fores...

Heterogeneous Modeling, Identification and Simulation of Activated Sludge Processes

Ibrahim H. Mustafa — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.352.363

Problem statement: The activated sludge system is a complex dynamic process and must account for a large number of reactions between large numbers of components. There is necessity for simulation mode...

Bioaccumulation of Arsenic by Fungi

Ademola O. Adeyemi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.364.370

Problem statement: Arsenic is a known toxic element and its presence and toxicity in nature is a worldwide environmental problem. The use of microorganisms in bioremediation is a potential method to r...

Green Engines Development Using Compressed Natural Gas as an Alternative Fuel: A Review

Semin — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.371.381

Problem statement: The Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a gaseous form of natural gas, it have been recognized as one of the promising alternative fuel due to its substantial benefits compared to gasol...

Reduction of Ammonia Volatilization through Mixing Urea with Humic and Fulvic Acids isolated from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Sludge

Shamsuddin Rosliza — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.382.386

Problem statement: Ammonia volatilization from surface-applied urea may be substantial but it is possible to control it by mixing urea with acidic substances such as Humic Acids (HA) and Fulvic Acids ...

Investigating the Effect of Three Nitrate Fertilizers on Nitrate Leaching under the Root Zone in Clay Loam Soil

Thamer Ahmed Mohammed — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.387.392

Problem statements: Nitrogen fertilizer is recognized as an important factor in crop’s yield level, however more application of N fertilizers in the soil have some adverse effects on environment and...

Reduction of Ammonia Loss from Urea through Mixing with Humic Acids Isolated from Peat Soil (Saprists)

Regis Bernard — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.393.397

Problem statement: Application of urea as a source of nitrogen fertilizer has an adverse effect on ammoniacal loss to the environment. This study was conducted to reduce ammonia loss from urea by mixi...

Radiation Induced DNA Double Strand Break Studies of a Metal Sensitive Novel Bacterial Isolate from East Calcutta Wetland

Sanhita Chowdhury — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.398.405

Problem statement: This study was an attempt to isolate anaerobic microbes with potential for DNA double strand break repair using methanogen specific medium (DSMZ 120) from East Calcutta Wetland in I...

Effects of Converting Secondary Forest to Oil Palm Plantation on Peat Soil Carbon and Nitrogen and other Soil Chemical Properties

Makilan Muniandy — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.406.412

Problem statement: Peatlands are natural sequesters of carbon and nitrogen. Once they are disturbed the tendency to lose carbon and nitrogen to the environment is very high. This study investigated th...

Suitability Evaluation of Groundwater for Irrigation, Drinking and Industrial Purposes

M. A. Hakim — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.413.419

Problem statement: Groundwater is an important source of freshwater for agricultural, drinking and domestic uses in many regions of the world including Bangladesh. Demand of groundwater has been incre...

Reducing Ammonia Loss from Urea by Mixing with Humic and Fulvic Acids Isolated from Coal

Ameera Abdul Reeza — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.420.426

Problem statement: Ammonia volatilization is a major pathway for nitrogen loss from surface applied urea. While all top-dressed ammonia and ammonium based N fertilizers can volatilize, the potential l...

An Investigation of Sustainable Development in Urban Neighborhoods Using Statistical Models

Sedigheh Lotfi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.427.433

Problem statement: Sustainable has a close relation to the quality of life in the different parts of each city. While the level of sustainability is studied in many urban areas world wide but it has b...

Water Quality and Planktonic Communities in Al-Khadoud Spring, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

Adel A. Fathi — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.434.443

Problem statement: Al-Khadoud spring is one of the most important water resources in Al- Hassa Governorate, Saudi Arabia. However, much of its biotic information is still unknown. This study present...

Degradation of Textile Dyes Ponceau-S and Sudan IV Using Recently Developed Photocatalyst, Immobilized Resin Dowex-11

R. C. Meena — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.444.450

Problem statement: In present study, we selected a model dyes Ponceau S and Sudan IV, to test a recently developed photo catalyst methylene blue immobilized resin dowex-11. Approach: This is a light-a...

Desalination leading to Salinity Variations in Kuwait Marine Waters

Ahmad E. Al-Dousari — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.451.454

Problem statements: The salinity of seawater is a critical issue for desalination process. Approach: The salinity changes in the coastal waters of Kuwait due to large scale power and desalination acti...

Analysis of Water Properties and Geostrophic Currents in Fiji Waters Before and After Tropical Cyclone Gene

Shivneel Prasad — 2009-06-30

American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Published online: 30 June 2009; doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.455.460

Problem statement: Water properties influence ocean primary production and drive the ocean food chain. This study depicts changes in temperature and salinity and its effects on geostrophic currents ne...