Volume 4, Issue 2 (2008) | American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

The Autistic Phenotype Exhibits a Remarkably Localized Modification of Brain Protein by Products of Free Radical-Induced Lipid Oxidation

Teresa A. Evans — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.61.72

Oxidative damage has been documented in the peripheral tissues of autism patients. In this study, we sought evidence of oxidative injury in autistic brain. Carboxyethyl pyrrole (CEP) and iso[4]levugla...

Oxidative Stress in Autism: Elevated Cerebellar 3-nitrotyrosine Levels

Elizabeth M. Sajdel-Sulkowska — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.73.84

It has been suggested that oxidative stress and/or mercury compounds play an important role in the pathophysiology of autism. This study compared for the first time the cerebellar levels of the oxidat...

The Frequency of Polymorphisms affecting Lead and Mercury Toxicity among Children with Autism

Shannon Rose — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.85.94

Individual risk of developmental neurotoxicity with exposure to environmentally relevant levels of lead and mercury is likely to be determined by genetic susceptibility factors as well as additive int...

Increased Copper-Mediated Oxidation of Membrane Phosphatidylethanolamine in Autism

Abha Chauhan — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.95.100

We have previously reported that levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the erythrocyte membrane and of ceruloplasmin, a copper-transport antioxidant protein, in the serum are lower in children wi...

Red-Cell Trace Minerals in Children with Autism

Joan Jory — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.101.104

Abnormalities in mineral-dependent antioxidant enzymes in children with autism raise interest in the determination of trace mineral status in this population. A cross sectional investigation of red ce...

Altered Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism In Immune Cells of Children Diagnosed With Autism

Jung H. Suh — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.105.113

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder whose etiology is poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that autistic children may be experiencing increased...

Detection of IL-17 and IL-23 in Plasma Samples of Children with Autism

Amanda Enstrom — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.114.120

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a survival factor for a newly described population of T lymphocytes, namely Th-17 cells, that secrete IL-17, tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNFα) and IL-6. It has been shown ...

Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Production of BDNF following Mitogen Stimulation in Early Onset and Regressive Autism

Amanda Enstrom — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.121.129

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is critical for neuronal differentiation and synaptic development. BDNF is also implicated in the development of psychological disorders including depression, ...

A Microscopic Study of Language-Related Cortex in Autism

Edith López-Hurtado — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.130.145

Impaired language function is a principle criterion for the diagnosis of autism. The present study of brain from age-matched autistic and control subjects compared brain regions associated with the pr...

A Novel Rodent Model of Autism: Intraventricular Infusions of Propionic Acid Increase Locomotor Activity and Induce Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Discrete Regions of Adult Rat Brain

Derrick F. MacFabe — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.146.166

Innate neuroinflammatory changes, increased oxidative stress and disorders of glutathione metabolism may be involved in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Propionic acid (PPA) is ...

Bridging from Cells to Cognition in Autism Pathophysiology: Biological Pathways to Defective Brain Function and Plasticity

Matthew P. Anderson — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.167.176

We review evidence to support a model where the disease process underlying autism may begin when an in utero or early postnatal environmental, infectious, seizure, or autoimmune insult triggers an imm...

The Role of Neurodevelopmental Genes in Infectious Etiology of Autism

S. Hossein Fatemi — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.177.182

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with both genetic and environmental etiologies. Prenatal infections may play a role in evolution of autism. Experimental evidence shows human influenza viral in...

Environmental Factors and Limbic Vulnerability in Childhood Autism

Richard Lathe — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.183.197

The rise in prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is suggestive of a new etiology. Diagnostic substitution alone is unlikely to account for the increase, while genetic association with detoxif...

Mitochondrial Energy-Deficient Endophenotype in Autism

J. Jay Gargus — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.198.207

While evidence points to a multigenic etiology of most autism, the pathophysiology of the disorder has yet to be defined and the underlying genes and biochemical pathways they subserve remain unknown....

Evidence of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Autism and Implications for Treatment

Daniel A. Rossignol — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.208.217

Classical mitochondrial diseases occur in a subset of individuals with autism and are usually caused by genetic anomalies or mitochondrial respiratory pathway deficits. However, in many cases of autis...

Evidence of Oxidative Stress in Autism Derived from Animal Models

Xue Ming — 2008-06-30

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Published online: 30 June 2008; doi:10.3844/ajbbsp.2008.218.225

Autism is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder that leads to deficits in social interaction, communication and restricted, repetitive motor movements. Autism is a highly heritable disorder, however...