Volume 6, Issue 3 (2009) | American Journal of Applied Sciences

A Novel Method for Optimal Location and Expansion of Subtransmission Substations Considering Existing Medium-Voltage Distribution Feeders

M. Farrokhifar — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.368.379

This research presents an accurate comprehensive cost function for the problem of optimal location of subtransmission substations. Technical constraints and economical parameters are investigated in t...

Development of an Air Assisted Fuel Atomizer (Liquid Siphon Type) for a Continuous Combustor

Pipatpong Watanawanyoo — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.380.386

This research was the study of a fuel injection system in continuous combustor. Air atomizing nozzle is developed to good efficiency injection and used low air pressure (68.95-275.79kPa) to assist the...

Economic Ordering Quantity Model with Lead Time Reduction and Backorder Price Discount for Stochastic Demand

Ming-Cheng Lo — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.387.392

This study considered reorder point on the continuous review inventory model under controllable lead time with mixture of backorder price discounts and partial lost sales. We developed a continuous re...

Charcoal-Oil Mixture as an Alternative Fuel: A Preliminary Study

Roila Awang — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.393.395

The fast depletion of fuel oil and continuous increase in the demand for power is a global issue. The world energy consumption is projected to grow at an average of 2.7-3.7% from 1996 to 2010. Therefo...

Power Quality Improvement Using DVR

C. Benachaiba — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.396.400

Voltage sags and swells in the medium and low voltage distribution grid are considered to be the most frequent type of power quality problems based on recent power quality studies. Their impact on sen...

Comparison of UPFC-Based Stabilizer and PSS Performances on Damping of Power System Oscillations

M. R. Meshkatoddini — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.401.406

This paper establishes the linearized Phillips-Heffron model of a power system equipped with UPFC and demonstrates the application of the model in analyzing the damping effect of the UPFC and designin...

Time-Dependent Behavior of Piles under Combined Loadings

Mohd Raihan Taha — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.407.413

This study investigates time-dependent lateral response of piles in elastoplastic soils under combined axial and lateral loadings. Mohr Coulomb model representing the soil and the finite element formu...

Georadar Measurements for the Snow Cover Density

A. Godio — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.414.423

Ground Probing Radar (GPR) devices is adopted for the analysis of thickness and the mechanical properties (density) of the snow cover in some test site in Alps, in Northern Italy. The performances of ...

Explorations on Web Usability

K K. Teoh — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.424.429

The area of web usability has long intrigued researchers. It has been widely accepted that for a website to be successful, the level of usability has to be high. The reason is because of poorly desi...

Determination of Nonlinear Optimal Feedback Law for Satellite Injection Problem Using Neighboring Optimal Control

Hamed Hossein Afshari — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.430.438

An optimal trajectory design of a nonlinear satellite injection problem for transfer to a final target orbit by minimizing the time was investigated. Indeed, this design was an exact solution to the n...

Survival of Vibrio cholerae O139 in Association with Anabaena variabilis in Four Different Microcosoms

Zannatul Ferdous — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.439.444

Investigation was carried out to see the association of Vibrio cholerae O139 with Anabaena variabilis, in four different types of water. Conventional media were used to count culturable bacteria while...

HER2 Protein Overexpression in Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast Associated with Lymph Node Involvement

Adrienne Pratti Lucarelli — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.445.448

The current study compares the rates of overexpression of the HER2 protein in stage II ductal carcinoma of breast in patients with lymph-node involvement. The research material was tissue sections obt...

Using a Truss-Inspired Model with the Uniform Strength Optimization Theory to Predict Spongy Bone Geometry in Proximal Femur

Hamed Pishdast — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.449.455

This paper presents a new naïve approach for simulating bone remodeling process. It is based on the uniform strength theory of optimization and employs a truss-like model for bone. The truss was subj...

Effect of Ambient Gasess on Respiration of Soil Supporting Four Crops in Central Saudi Arabia

Akram Ali — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.456.462

This study was conducted at four localities (Maseef, Naseem, Oleya and Industrial City) in Riyadh city, KSA to determine the effect of increased tropospheric gases on responses of in situ soil respira...

How Does The Bone Shaft Geometry Affect its Bending Properties?

Kaveh PourAkbar Saffar — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.463.470

In this research, ten fresh specimens of sheep tibiae were provided from slaughtered animals. Whole bone specimens were loaded in three-point bending according to standard wet bone test protocols. Mec...

Ramadan Fasting Diet Entailed a Lipid Metabolic Disorder Among Type 2 Diabetic Obese Women

Méghit Boumédiène Khaled — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.471.477

We designed this study to assess the effect of diet during Ramadan fasting on body weight and on serum lipid components in type 2 diabetic obese women. During Ramadan of 2005, 89 diabetic women receiv...

Assessing of α-Amylase Activity of Midgut in Wheat Bug Eurygaster maura

Mohammad Mehrabadi — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.478.483

To determine of α-amylase activity in the midgut of Eurygaster maura, some of adult insect was collected and their gut isolated and characterized. Enzyme samples from midguts of adults were prepared ...

Diatrizoate, Iopromide and Iotrolan Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Daunorubicin in Multidrug Resistant K562/adr Cells: Impaired the Mitochondrial and Inhibited the P-Glycoprotein Function

Nitaya Snitwongse Na Ayudhya — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.484.491

Multidrug resistance was an obstacle in cancer chemotherapy because the cells decreased their intracellular drug accumulation by energy-dependent compounds efflux pumps such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp). ...

Identification and Quantification of Major Carotenoids in Some Vegetables

Jafar Muhammad EL-Qudah — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.492.497

An HPLC study of 6 raw vegetables (Okra, green beans, eggplant zucchini, carrot and tomato) most frequently consumed worldwide was carried out to determine their carotenoid composition. The samples we...

Soil Quality of Die off and Die Back Mangrove Grown at Al-Jubail Area (Saudi Arabia) of the Arabian Gulf

Akram Ali — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.498.506

The declining mangrove vegetation along the Arabian Gulf coast necessitates a thorough study for finding out the soil status and for rehabilitating the affected population. In this study, soil support...

Use of the Nasal Speculum for Rat Endotracheal Intubation

Khaled R. Alzaben — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.507.511

One hundred and fifty athymic nude (rnu/rnu) rats were intubated by direct visualizion of the larynx using a nasal speculum with an attached otoscope as a light source. A blunt, plastic covered stylet...

A Novel Tactile Force Probe for Tissue Stiffness Classification

Behafarid Darvish — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.512.517

In this study, we have proposed a new type of tactile sensor that is capable of detecting the stiffness of soft objects. The sensor consists of a brass cylinder with an axial bore. An iron core can ea...

Serum Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, Thyroid Hormones and Skeletal Muscle Fiber Size in Castrated Lambs with and Without Androgen Treatment

Bani Z. Ismail — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.518.522

Twelve, intact male lambs, 1-2- weeks old, were divided into 3 groups, Group W (4 lambs) were castrated at age less than 1 month, group WT (4 lambs) were castrated at the same age and treated with tes...

Comparative Study of Volatile Compounds from Genus Ocimum

S. Raseetha Vani — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.523.528

There are distinct varieties of basil types in the genus Ocimum which makes them very special. Genus Ocimum is widespread over Asia, Africa and Central & Southern America. All basils are member of the...

Effect of Storage Temperature on the Stability of Phytonutrients in Palm Concentrates

K. Chandrasekaram — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.529.533

Palm phytonutrient concentrates; a valuable by-product from the production of palm biodiesel contains an abundance of natural phytonutrients such as carotenes, vitamin E, sterols, squalene and coenzym...

Heavy Metals and Anion Levels in Some Samples of Vegetable Grown Within the Vicinity of Challawa Industrial Area, Kano State, Nigeria

J. C. Akan — 2009-03-31

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Published online: 31 March 2009; doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.534.542

Problem section: Effluents from the surrounding industries such as tannery and textile are used by vegetable farmers for the irrigation of their crops. These effluents may contain some toxic metals wh...